THE REPRESENTATION OF THE MONG ETHNIC GROUP IN THE VIETNAMESE TV DRAMA SERIES “MÙA XUÂN Ở LẠI” (2020)
Main Article Content
Abstract
This research examines the representation of Mong ethnic group in the TV drama series “Mùa xuân ở lại” (2020) and discusses the implications of this representation for a wide-ranging social and cultural context. Employing the framework of Fairclough (2001) and Kress, G. and van Leeuwen, T. (2006), the data analysis has revealed the following findings on the Mong people in the film: (1) Mong people’s living environment is underdeveloped and insecure; (2) Mong people’s economy is agricultural-based with a heavy reliance on nature, (3) Mong people are poorly educated, (4) Mong people still preserve backward social and cultural practices, (5) Mong people play a passive role in the interethnic relationship with Kinh people. Apparently, the way that the Mong people and their life are portrayed in the film tends to perpetuate long-held stereotypes of this ethnic group in Vietnamese media.
Article Details
Keywords
ethnic representation, multimodal CDA, Mong ethnic group, TV series
References
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Allen, J. M., & Webber, M. (2019). Stereotypes of minorities and education. In S. Ratuva (Ed.), The Palgrave handbook of ethnicity (pp. 1–19). Palgrave Macmillan. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-2898-5_107
Bertuzzi, L., & Venosta, M. (2022). Diversity in the media: Representing the EU’s inclusion agenda. EURACTIV. Retrieved from https://en.euractiv.eu/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/special-report/Diversity-in-the-media-representing-the-EUs-inclusion-agenda-1.pdf
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Castañeda, M. (2018). The Power of (Mis)Representation: Why Racial and Ethnic Stereotypes in the Media Matter.https://scholarworks.umass.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1059&context=communication_faculty_pubs
Fairclough, N. (1989). Language and Power. Longman.
Fairclough, N. (2001). Language and Power (2nd ed.). Longman.
Gilbert, J., Goode, T. D., & Dunne, C. (2007). Cultural awareness. From the Curricula Enhancement Module Series. National Center for Cultural Competence. Washington, DC.
Hall, S. (1973) Encoding and Decoding in the Television Discourse. Centre for Contemporary Cultural Studies, Birmingham.
Hall, S. (Ed.). (1997). Representation: Cultural representations and signifying practices. Sage Publications, Inc; Open University Press.
Hogg, M. A., & Abrams, D. (1998). Social identifications: A social psychology of intergroup relations and group processes. Routledge.
Institute for Studies of Society, Economy and Environment. (n.d.). Portrayal of ethnic minorities on printed newspapers. Squarespace. https://static1.squarespace.com/static/60910dcc1acfae2fdd25c4aa/t/61479d31471a397abb5dc240/1632083256690/portrayal-of-ethnic-minorities-inprinted-newspapers..pdf
Jost, J. T., & Hamilton, D. L. (2008). Stereotypes in our culture. In On the nature of prejudice: Fifty years after Allport (pp. 208-224). Blackwell Publishing Ltd. https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470773963.ch13
Koshmanova, T., & Hapon N. (2007). Exploratory study of changing ethnic stereotypes of the Ukrainian teacher candidates towards peaceful attitudes. Journal of Peace Education, 4(1), 75-93.
Kress, G., & van Leeuwen, T. (2006). Reading Images: The grammar of visual design. London: Routledge.
Murdock, G. (2017). Encoding and decoding. In P. Rössler, C. Hoffner, & L. van Zoonen (Eds.), The international encyclopedia of media effects. London, England: John Wiley & Sons. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118783764.wbieme0113
Nadal, K. L. Y. (2021, December 27). Why representation matters and why it’s still not enough. Psychology Today. https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/psychology-the-people/202112/why-representation-matters-and-why-it-s-still-not-enough
Nguyen, T. C. (2010, June). Ethnic prejudices: An overview and some proposals for further research steps. Thesis.co. https://luanvan.co/luan-van/dinh-kien-toc-nguoi-vai-net-khai-quat-va-mot-so-de-xuat-cho-cac-buoc-nghien-cuu-tiep-theo-61346/
Nguyen, T. T. T. (2021). Ethnic stereotypes in the Central Highlands of Vietnam: Minority students’ perspectives. Sociological Research Online, 27(2), 452–469. https://doi.org/10.1177/13607804211015820
Nguyen, T. (2021). Investigation of the language usage of Hmong ethnic people in the Northwest (Tây Bắc) region of Vietnam: A case study in Bắc Yên, Sơn La province. Journal of Social and Political Sciences, 4(1), https://doi.org/10.31014/aior.1991.04.01.267
Nguyen, V. L. (2022, August 4). Learn about the Hmong people in the territory of Vietnam. Alongwalker. https://vi.alongwalker.co/learn-about-the-hmong-people-in-the-territory-of-vietnam-s316345.html
Pham, Q. P., Hoang, C., Le, Q. B., Nguyen, C. T., & Mai, T. S. (2015). Minorities need to catch up with majorities: Prejudices in interethnic relations in Vietnam. The World.
Ross, T. (2019). Media and stereotypes. In S. Ratuva (Ed.), The Palgrave handbook of ethnicity (pp. 367-384). Palgrave Macmillan. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-0242-8_26-1
Taylor, P. (2008). Minorities at large: New approaches to minority ethnicity in Vietnam. Journal of Vietnamese Studies, 3(3), 3–43. https://doi.org/10.1525/vs.2008.3.3.3
Teletonusa. (2023). What is media representation? Children’s Rehabilitation Institute Teleton USA (CRIT). Retrieved from https://critusa.org/what-is-media-representation/
The Hmong people, ethnic minority in Vietnam. (2023). Children of the Mekong. https://www.childrenofthemekong.org/the-hmong-people/
Van Dijk, T. A. (2015). Critical discourse analysis. The handbook of discourse analysis (pp. 466-485).
VTV Entertainment. (2020). Tet films 2020: Spring stays [Film]. VTV Entertainment. https://www.vtvgiaitri.vn/title/mua-xuan-o-lai
Wang, J. (2014). Criticising images: Critical discourse analysis of visual semiosis in picture news. Critical Arts: South-North Cultural and Media Studies, 28(2), 264-286. https://doi.org/10.1080/02560046.2014.906344