QUAN ĐIỂM CỦA GIẢNG VIÊN VỀ TÍCH HỢP HỌC TẬP TRẢI NGHIỆM NHẰM PHÁT TRIỂN KỸ NĂNG LÀM VIỆC CHO SINH VIÊN
Nội dung chính của bài viết
Tóm tắt
Rèn luyện kỹ năng cho sinh viên là một vấn đề đáng chú ý ở nhiều quốc gia, bao gồm cả Việt Nam, một quốc gia đang phát triển ở châu Á, nơi việc tiếp thu kiến thức dường như là mục tiêu chủ đạo của sinh viên đại học. Nhằm trang bị cho sinh viên những kỹ năng cần thiết cho công việc sau khi tốt nghiệp, các khóa học mới và chuyên biệt đã được xây dựng tại một trường đại học, bao gồm: Kỹ năng thuyết trình, Giao tiếp liên văn hóa và giải quyết xung đột, Tiếng Anh phát triển nghề nghiệp và Tiếng Anh kinh tế và doanh nghiệp. Tất cả các khóa học đều được giảng dạy bằng tiếng Anh và giảng viên đã áp dụng mô hình học tập trải nghiệm của Kolb để phát triển các hoạt động trong các lớp học này. Nghiên cứu này mô tả việc áp dụng mô hình học tập trải nghiệm vào các khóa học mới này và tìm hiểu kinh nghiệm của giảng viên trong việc tích hợp học tập trải nghiệm vào lớp học để tìm ra những lợi ích và thách thức của hướng tiếp cận này, đặc biệt là khi giảng viên đang cố gắng phát triển các kỹ năng nghề nghiệp cho sinh viên - một mục tiêu quan trọng của các khóa học. Phân tích dữ liệu định tính từ các cuộc phỏng vấn với 9 giảng viên cho thấy các giảng viên đã sử dụng đa dạng các hoạt động học tập trải nghiệm để tạo động lực cho sinh viên cũng như hỗ trợ sinh viên tiếp thu kiến thức và kỹ năng thực hành. Hơn nữa, với những hoạt động này, sinh viên được phát triển các kỹ năng nghề nghiệp quan trọng như: sáng tạo, kỹ năng hợp tác hoặc kỹ năng giao tiếp. Những phát hiện này cho thấy học tập trải nghiệm là một phương pháp đầy hứa hẹn để trang bị cho sinh viên các kỹ năng việc làm trước khi tốt nghiệp và sẵn sàng cho công việc trong tương lai.
Từ khóa
học tập trải nghiệm, phát triển kỹ năng, khoảng trống kỹ năng, kỹ năng nghề nghiệp
Chi tiết bài viết
Tài liệu tham khảo
Andrews, J., & Higson, H. (2008). Graduate employability, “soft skills” versus “hard” business knowledge: A European study. Higher Education in Europe, 33(4), 411–422. https://doi.org/10.1080/03797720802522627
Baldwin, C., & Rosier, J. (2017). Growing Future Planners: A Framework for Integrating Experiential Learning into Tertiary Planning Programs. Journal of Planning Education and Research, 37(1), 43–55. https://doi.org/10.1177/0739456X16634864
Bi, X. F., & Boo, L. (2025). Workplace Learning for Critical Core Skills Development: Empirical Evidence From Singapore. International Journal for Research in Vocational Education and Training, 12(3), 316-337. https://doi.org/10.13152/IJRVET.12.3.1
Bi, X. F., Tan, B., & Freebody, S. (2023). Critical core skills profiling and development in the Singaporean workforce. The IAFOR International Conference on Education – Hawaii 2023 Official Conference Proceedings (pp. 599–617). IAFOR. https://doi.org/10.22492/issn.2189-1036.2023.50
Boahin, P., & Hofman, A. (2013). A disciplinary perspective of competency-based training on the acquisition of employability skills. Journal of Vocational Education and Training, 65(3), 385–401. https://doi.org/10.1080/13636820.2013.834954
Canhoto, A. I., & Murphy, J. (2016). Learning From Simulation Design to Develop Better Experiential Learning Initiatives: An Integrative Approach. Journal of Marketing Education, 38(2), 98–106. https://doi.org/10.1177/0273475316643746
Chan, C. K. Y. (2012). Exploring an experiential learning project through Kolb’s Learning Theory using a qualitative research method. European Journal of Engineering Education, 37(4), 405–415. https://doi.org/10.1080/03043797.2012.706596
Chiu, S. K., & Lee, J. (2019). Innovative experiential learning experience: Pedagogical adopting Kolb’s learning cycle at higher education in Hong Kong. Cogent Education, 6(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/2331186X.2019.1644720
Ciarocco, N. J., & Strohmetz, D. B. (2018). The Employable Skills Self-Efficacy Survey: An assessment of skill confidence for psychology undergraduates. Scholarship of Teaching and Learning in Psychology, 4(1), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1037/stl0000102
Cohen, L., Manion, L., & Morrison, K. (2017). Research methods in education. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203224342
Creswell, J. W. (2002). Educational research: Planning, conducting, and evaluating quantitative (Vol. 7). Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ.
Demaria, M., Hodgson, Y., & Czech, D. (2018). Perceptions of Transferable Skills among Biomedical Science Students in the Final- Year of Their Degree: What are the Implications for Graduate Employability? International Journal of Innovation in Science and Mathematics Education, 26(7), 11-24. https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85073280527
Dowling, D., Rose, S., & O’Shea, E. (2015). Reconsidering Humanities Programmes in Australian Universities: Embedding a New Approach to Strengthen the Employability of Humanities Graduates by Empowering Them as “Global Citizens”. Social Alternatives, 34(2), 52–62. https://search.informit.org/doi/10.3316/aeipt.209379
Cao, C. G., Tran, T. G., & Phan, T. T. H. (2017). Organizing the Experiential Learning Activities in Teaching Science for General Education in Vietnam. World Journal of Chemical Education, 5(5), 180–184. https://pubs.sciepub.com/wjce/5/5/7/index.html
Gittings, L., Taplin, R., & Kerr, R. (2020). Experiential learning activities in university accounting education: A systematic literature review. Journal of Accounting Education, 52. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaccedu.2020.100680
Guachalla, A., & Gledhill, M. (2019). Co-creating learning experiences to support student employability in travel and tourism. Journal of Hospitality, Leisure, Sport and Tourism Education, 25. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhlste.2019.100210
Huertas-Valdivia, I. (2021). Role-Playing a staffing process: Experiential learning with undergraduate tourism students. Journal of Hospitality, Leisure, Sport and Tourism Education, 29. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhlste.2021.100334
Jackson, D. (2014). Testing a model of undergraduate competence in employability skills and its implications for stakeholders. Journal of Education and Work, 27(2), 220–242. https://doi.org/10.1080/13639080.2012.718750
Jackson, D. (2015). Employability skill development in work-integrated learning: Barriers and best practice. Studies in Higher Education, 40(2), 350–367. https://doi.org/10.1080/03075079.2013.842221
Jacobs, J. (1999). Experiential education: The main dish, not just the side course. Boulder, CO: Association for Experiential Education.
Kolb, D. A. (1984). Experiential learning: Experience as the source of learning and development. Englewood Cliffs: Prentice-Hall.
Kolb, A. Y., & Kolb, D. A. (2005). Learning styles and learning spaces: Enhancing experiential learning in higher education. Academy of Management Learning and Education, 42(3), 193–212. https://doi.org/10.5465/amle.2005.17268566
Kolb, A. Y., & Kolb, D. A. (2013). The Kolb Learning Style Inventory 4.0: Guide to Theory, Psychometrics, Research & Applications. Experience Based Learning Systems. https://learningfromexperience.com/research-library/the-kolb-learning-style-inventory-4-0/
Kolb, A. Y., Kolb, D. A., Passarelli, A., & Sharma, G. (2014). On Becoming an Experiential Educator: The Educator Role Profile. Simulation and Gaming, 45(2), 204–234. https://doi.org/10.1177/1046878114534383
Kwon, C. (2019). Verification of the possibility and effectiveness of experiential learning using HMD-based immersive VR technologies. Virtual Reality, 23(1), 101–118. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10055-018-0364-1
Lapan, S. D., Quartaroli, M. T., & Riemer, F. J. (Eds.). (2011). Qualitative research: An introduction to methods and designs. John Wiley & Sons.
Lord, R., Lorimer, R., Babraj, J., & Richardson, A. (2019). The role of mock job interviews in enhancing sport students’ employability skills: An example from the UK. Journal of Hospitality, Leisure, Sport and Tourism Education, 25. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhlste.2019.04.001
Lu, H. F. (2021). Enhancing university student employability through practical experiential learning in the sport industry: An industry-academia cooperation case from Taiwan. Journal of Hospitality, Leisure, Sport and Tourism Education, 28. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhlste.2021.100301
Marbach-Ad, G., Hunt, C., & Thompson, K. v. (2019). Exploring the Values Undergraduate Students Attribute to Cross-disciplinary Skills Needed for the Workplace: An Analysis of Five STEM Disciplines. Journal of Science Education and Technology, 28(5), 452–469. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10956-019-09778-8
Miller, L., Biggart, A., & Newton, B. (2013). Basic and employability skills. International Journal of Training and Development, 3(17), 173–175. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijtd.12007
Moldovan, L. (2020). A reference framework for continuous improvement of employability assessment. Procedia Manufacturing, 46, 271–278. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.promfg.2020.03.040
Morris, T. H. (2020). Experiential learning–a systematic review and revision of Kolb’s model. Interactive Learning Environments, 28(8), 1064-1077. https://doi.org/10.1080/10494820.2019.1570279
Ng, P. M., Chan, J. K., Wut, T. M., Lo, M. F., & Szeto, I. (2021). What makes better career opportunities for young graduates? Examining acquired employability skills in higher education institutions. Education+ Training, 63(6), 852-871. https://doi.org/10.1108/ET-08-2020-0231
Tran, L. H. N. (2018). The skills gap of Vietnamese graduates and final-year university students. Journal of Education and Work, 31(7–8), 579–594. https://doi.org/10.1080/13639080.2018.1559280
Tran, L. H. N., & Nguyen, T. M. D. (2018). Internship-related learning outcomes and their influential factors: The case of Vietnamese tourism and hospitality students. Education and Training, 60(1), 69–81. https://doi.org/10.1108/ET-02-2017-0030
Nguyen, V.-T., Hallinger, P., & Showanasai, P. (2024). Evaluating the Effectiveness of the Leading Change for Sustainability in Schools Simulation: A Research and Development Project. Simulation & Gaming, 55(1), 51-81. https://doi.org/10.1177/10468781231219929
Nusrat, M., & Sultana, N. (2019). Soft skills for sustainable employment of business graduates of Bangladesh. Higher Education, Skills and Work-Based Learning, 9(3), 264–278. https://doi.org/10.1108/HESWBL-01-2018-0002
Overtoom, C. (2000). Employability Skills: An Update. ERIC Digest No. 220. Retrieved on May 15, 2022, from https://eric.ed.gov/?id=ED445236
Pal, J., Stubbs, M., & Lee, A. (2005). Designing a Web-Driven Retail Marketing Simulation. Journal of Marketing Management, 21(7–8), 835–858. https://doi.org/10.1362/026725705774538435
Parlamis, J., & Monnot, M. J. (2019). Getting to the CORE: Putting an end to the term "soft skills". Journal of Management Inquiry, 28(2), 225–227. http://doi.org/10.1177/1056492618818023
Ra, S., Shrestha, U., Khatiwada, S., Yoon, S. W., & Kwon, K. (2019). The rise of technology and impact on skills. International Journal of Training Research, 17(sup1), 26–40. https://doi.org/10.1080/14480220.2019.1629727
Reedy, A. K., Guerrero Farías, M. L., Reyes, L. H., & Pradilla, D. (2020). Improving employability skills through non-placement work-integrated learning in chemical and food engineering: A case study. Education for Chemical Engineers, 33, 91–101. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ece.2020.09.002
Romanova, O. (2022). Embedding Employability Skills into Vocational Education and Training: What Works Best for Students’ Self-Evaluation and Aspirations? Journal of Teaching and Learning for Graduate Employability, 13(1), 20–36. https://search.informit.org/doi/10.3316/informit.549462021869378
Gross, Z., & Rutland, S. D. (2017). Experiential learning and values education at a school youth camp: Maintaining Jewish culture and heritage. International Review of Education, 63(1), 29-49. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11159-016-9609-y
Sarfraz, I., Rajendran, D., Hewege, C., & Mohan, M. D. (2018). An exploration of global employability skills: A systematic research review. International Journal of Work Organisation and Emotion, 9(1), 63–88. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJWOE.2018.10012435
Schech, S., Kelton, M., Carati, C., & Kingsmill, V. (2017). Simulating the global workplace for graduate employability. Higher Education Research and Development, 36(7), 1476–1489. https://doi.org/10.1080/07294360.2017.1325856
Schwab, K. (2016, January 14). The Fourth Industrial Revolution: what it means and how to respond. World Economic Forum. Retrieved on April 9, 2024, from https://www.weforum.org/stories/2016/01/the-fourth-industrial-revolution-what-it-means-and-how-to-respond/
Svinicki, M. D., & Dixon, N. M. (1987). The Kolb model modified for classroom activities. College Teaching, 35(4), 141–146. https://doi.org/10.1080/87567555.1987.9925469
The Government of Singapore. (n.d.). Critical core skills. SSG | Critical Core Skills. Retrieved on February 15, 2023, from https://www.skillsfuture.gov.sg/skills-framework/criticalcoreskills
Tran, T. T. (2015). Is graduate employability the ‘whole-of-higher-education-issue’? Journal of Education and Work, 28(3), 207–227. https://doi.org/10.1080/13639080.2014.900167
Yang, H., Cheung, C., & Song, H. (2016). Enhancing the learning and employability of hospitality graduates in China. Journal of Hospitality, Leisure, Sport and Tourism Education, 19, 85–96. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhlste.2016.08.004
Baldwin, C., & Rosier, J. (2017). Growing Future Planners: A Framework for Integrating Experiential Learning into Tertiary Planning Programs. Journal of Planning Education and Research, 37(1), 43–55. https://doi.org/10.1177/0739456X16634864
Bi, X. F., & Boo, L. (2025). Workplace Learning for Critical Core Skills Development: Empirical Evidence From Singapore. International Journal for Research in Vocational Education and Training, 12(3), 316-337. https://doi.org/10.13152/IJRVET.12.3.1
Bi, X. F., Tan, B., & Freebody, S. (2023). Critical core skills profiling and development in the Singaporean workforce. The IAFOR International Conference on Education – Hawaii 2023 Official Conference Proceedings (pp. 599–617). IAFOR. https://doi.org/10.22492/issn.2189-1036.2023.50
Boahin, P., & Hofman, A. (2013). A disciplinary perspective of competency-based training on the acquisition of employability skills. Journal of Vocational Education and Training, 65(3), 385–401. https://doi.org/10.1080/13636820.2013.834954
Canhoto, A. I., & Murphy, J. (2016). Learning From Simulation Design to Develop Better Experiential Learning Initiatives: An Integrative Approach. Journal of Marketing Education, 38(2), 98–106. https://doi.org/10.1177/0273475316643746
Chan, C. K. Y. (2012). Exploring an experiential learning project through Kolb’s Learning Theory using a qualitative research method. European Journal of Engineering Education, 37(4), 405–415. https://doi.org/10.1080/03043797.2012.706596
Chiu, S. K., & Lee, J. (2019). Innovative experiential learning experience: Pedagogical adopting Kolb’s learning cycle at higher education in Hong Kong. Cogent Education, 6(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/2331186X.2019.1644720
Ciarocco, N. J., & Strohmetz, D. B. (2018). The Employable Skills Self-Efficacy Survey: An assessment of skill confidence for psychology undergraduates. Scholarship of Teaching and Learning in Psychology, 4(1), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1037/stl0000102
Cohen, L., Manion, L., & Morrison, K. (2017). Research methods in education. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203224342
Creswell, J. W. (2002). Educational research: Planning, conducting, and evaluating quantitative (Vol. 7). Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ.
Demaria, M., Hodgson, Y., & Czech, D. (2018). Perceptions of Transferable Skills among Biomedical Science Students in the Final- Year of Their Degree: What are the Implications for Graduate Employability? International Journal of Innovation in Science and Mathematics Education, 26(7), 11-24. https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85073280527
Dowling, D., Rose, S., & O’Shea, E. (2015). Reconsidering Humanities Programmes in Australian Universities: Embedding a New Approach to Strengthen the Employability of Humanities Graduates by Empowering Them as “Global Citizens”. Social Alternatives, 34(2), 52–62. https://search.informit.org/doi/10.3316/aeipt.209379
Cao, C. G., Tran, T. G., & Phan, T. T. H. (2017). Organizing the Experiential Learning Activities in Teaching Science for General Education in Vietnam. World Journal of Chemical Education, 5(5), 180–184. https://pubs.sciepub.com/wjce/5/5/7/index.html
Gittings, L., Taplin, R., & Kerr, R. (2020). Experiential learning activities in university accounting education: A systematic literature review. Journal of Accounting Education, 52. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaccedu.2020.100680
Guachalla, A., & Gledhill, M. (2019). Co-creating learning experiences to support student employability in travel and tourism. Journal of Hospitality, Leisure, Sport and Tourism Education, 25. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhlste.2019.100210
Huertas-Valdivia, I. (2021). Role-Playing a staffing process: Experiential learning with undergraduate tourism students. Journal of Hospitality, Leisure, Sport and Tourism Education, 29. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhlste.2021.100334
Jackson, D. (2014). Testing a model of undergraduate competence in employability skills and its implications for stakeholders. Journal of Education and Work, 27(2), 220–242. https://doi.org/10.1080/13639080.2012.718750
Jackson, D. (2015). Employability skill development in work-integrated learning: Barriers and best practice. Studies in Higher Education, 40(2), 350–367. https://doi.org/10.1080/03075079.2013.842221
Jacobs, J. (1999). Experiential education: The main dish, not just the side course. Boulder, CO: Association for Experiential Education.
Kolb, D. A. (1984). Experiential learning: Experience as the source of learning and development. Englewood Cliffs: Prentice-Hall.
Kolb, A. Y., & Kolb, D. A. (2005). Learning styles and learning spaces: Enhancing experiential learning in higher education. Academy of Management Learning and Education, 42(3), 193–212. https://doi.org/10.5465/amle.2005.17268566
Kolb, A. Y., & Kolb, D. A. (2013). The Kolb Learning Style Inventory 4.0: Guide to Theory, Psychometrics, Research & Applications. Experience Based Learning Systems. https://learningfromexperience.com/research-library/the-kolb-learning-style-inventory-4-0/
Kolb, A. Y., Kolb, D. A., Passarelli, A., & Sharma, G. (2014). On Becoming an Experiential Educator: The Educator Role Profile. Simulation and Gaming, 45(2), 204–234. https://doi.org/10.1177/1046878114534383
Kwon, C. (2019). Verification of the possibility and effectiveness of experiential learning using HMD-based immersive VR technologies. Virtual Reality, 23(1), 101–118. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10055-018-0364-1
Lapan, S. D., Quartaroli, M. T., & Riemer, F. J. (Eds.). (2011). Qualitative research: An introduction to methods and designs. John Wiley & Sons.
Lord, R., Lorimer, R., Babraj, J., & Richardson, A. (2019). The role of mock job interviews in enhancing sport students’ employability skills: An example from the UK. Journal of Hospitality, Leisure, Sport and Tourism Education, 25. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhlste.2019.04.001
Lu, H. F. (2021). Enhancing university student employability through practical experiential learning in the sport industry: An industry-academia cooperation case from Taiwan. Journal of Hospitality, Leisure, Sport and Tourism Education, 28. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhlste.2021.100301
Marbach-Ad, G., Hunt, C., & Thompson, K. v. (2019). Exploring the Values Undergraduate Students Attribute to Cross-disciplinary Skills Needed for the Workplace: An Analysis of Five STEM Disciplines. Journal of Science Education and Technology, 28(5), 452–469. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10956-019-09778-8
Miller, L., Biggart, A., & Newton, B. (2013). Basic and employability skills. International Journal of Training and Development, 3(17), 173–175. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijtd.12007
Moldovan, L. (2020). A reference framework for continuous improvement of employability assessment. Procedia Manufacturing, 46, 271–278. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.promfg.2020.03.040
Morris, T. H. (2020). Experiential learning–a systematic review and revision of Kolb’s model. Interactive Learning Environments, 28(8), 1064-1077. https://doi.org/10.1080/10494820.2019.1570279
Ng, P. M., Chan, J. K., Wut, T. M., Lo, M. F., & Szeto, I. (2021). What makes better career opportunities for young graduates? Examining acquired employability skills in higher education institutions. Education+ Training, 63(6), 852-871. https://doi.org/10.1108/ET-08-2020-0231
Tran, L. H. N. (2018). The skills gap of Vietnamese graduates and final-year university students. Journal of Education and Work, 31(7–8), 579–594. https://doi.org/10.1080/13639080.2018.1559280
Tran, L. H. N., & Nguyen, T. M. D. (2018). Internship-related learning outcomes and their influential factors: The case of Vietnamese tourism and hospitality students. Education and Training, 60(1), 69–81. https://doi.org/10.1108/ET-02-2017-0030
Nguyen, V.-T., Hallinger, P., & Showanasai, P. (2024). Evaluating the Effectiveness of the Leading Change for Sustainability in Schools Simulation: A Research and Development Project. Simulation & Gaming, 55(1), 51-81. https://doi.org/10.1177/10468781231219929
Nusrat, M., & Sultana, N. (2019). Soft skills for sustainable employment of business graduates of Bangladesh. Higher Education, Skills and Work-Based Learning, 9(3), 264–278. https://doi.org/10.1108/HESWBL-01-2018-0002
Overtoom, C. (2000). Employability Skills: An Update. ERIC Digest No. 220. Retrieved on May 15, 2022, from https://eric.ed.gov/?id=ED445236
Pal, J., Stubbs, M., & Lee, A. (2005). Designing a Web-Driven Retail Marketing Simulation. Journal of Marketing Management, 21(7–8), 835–858. https://doi.org/10.1362/026725705774538435
Parlamis, J., & Monnot, M. J. (2019). Getting to the CORE: Putting an end to the term "soft skills". Journal of Management Inquiry, 28(2), 225–227. http://doi.org/10.1177/1056492618818023
Ra, S., Shrestha, U., Khatiwada, S., Yoon, S. W., & Kwon, K. (2019). The rise of technology and impact on skills. International Journal of Training Research, 17(sup1), 26–40. https://doi.org/10.1080/14480220.2019.1629727
Reedy, A. K., Guerrero Farías, M. L., Reyes, L. H., & Pradilla, D. (2020). Improving employability skills through non-placement work-integrated learning in chemical and food engineering: A case study. Education for Chemical Engineers, 33, 91–101. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ece.2020.09.002
Romanova, O. (2022). Embedding Employability Skills into Vocational Education and Training: What Works Best for Students’ Self-Evaluation and Aspirations? Journal of Teaching and Learning for Graduate Employability, 13(1), 20–36. https://search.informit.org/doi/10.3316/informit.549462021869378
Gross, Z., & Rutland, S. D. (2017). Experiential learning and values education at a school youth camp: Maintaining Jewish culture and heritage. International Review of Education, 63(1), 29-49. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11159-016-9609-y
Sarfraz, I., Rajendran, D., Hewege, C., & Mohan, M. D. (2018). An exploration of global employability skills: A systematic research review. International Journal of Work Organisation and Emotion, 9(1), 63–88. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJWOE.2018.10012435
Schech, S., Kelton, M., Carati, C., & Kingsmill, V. (2017). Simulating the global workplace for graduate employability. Higher Education Research and Development, 36(7), 1476–1489. https://doi.org/10.1080/07294360.2017.1325856
Schwab, K. (2016, January 14). The Fourth Industrial Revolution: what it means and how to respond. World Economic Forum. Retrieved on April 9, 2024, from https://www.weforum.org/stories/2016/01/the-fourth-industrial-revolution-what-it-means-and-how-to-respond/
Svinicki, M. D., & Dixon, N. M. (1987). The Kolb model modified for classroom activities. College Teaching, 35(4), 141–146. https://doi.org/10.1080/87567555.1987.9925469
The Government of Singapore. (n.d.). Critical core skills. SSG | Critical Core Skills. Retrieved on February 15, 2023, from https://www.skillsfuture.gov.sg/skills-framework/criticalcoreskills
Tran, T. T. (2015). Is graduate employability the ‘whole-of-higher-education-issue’? Journal of Education and Work, 28(3), 207–227. https://doi.org/10.1080/13639080.2014.900167
Yang, H., Cheung, C., & Song, H. (2016). Enhancing the learning and employability of hospitality graduates in China. Journal of Hospitality, Leisure, Sport and Tourism Education, 19, 85–96. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhlste.2016.08.004