NGHIÊN CỨU KHÁM PHÁ VỀ PHẢN ÁNH CỦA SINH VIÊN ĐỐI VỚI GIÁO DỤC TỪ XA TẠI MỘT TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC Ở VIỆT NAM
Nội dung chính của bài viết
Tóm tắt
Giáo dục từ xa ngày càng phổ biến trong giáo dục đại học nhằm đáp ứng nhu cầu ngày càng đa dạng của sinh viên và sự phát triển của công nghệ, với hệ thống quản lý học tập được sử dụng như nền tảng chính để triển khai hoạt động học tập trực tuyến. Nghiên cứu đã tìm hiểu những suy nghĩ và trải nghiệm của sinh viên về hình thức học tập từ xa tại một trường đại học công lập ở Hà Nội. Dữ liệu được thu thập từ 58 sinh viên chuyên ngành Ngôn ngữ Anh, hệ đào tạo từ xa, thông qua phương pháp tiếp cận hỗn hợp, kết hợp bảng khảo sát dựa trên chu trình phản ánh của Gibbs (bao gồm các câu hỏi thang đo Likert và câu hỏi mở) cùng với các cuộc phỏng vấn nhóm tập trung bán cấu trúc. Kết quả cho thấy có sự chênh lệch giữa kỳ vọng trước khóa học và trải nghiệm thực tế của sinh viên trong chương trình giáo dục từ xa. Dù đánh giá cao sự linh hoạt và khả năng nâng cao kỹ năng công nghệ, người học vẫn gặp khó khăn trong việc tương tác, nhận hỗ trợ từ giảng viên, nghiên cứu tài liệu học tập, duy trì động lực học tập và quản lý thời gian hiệu quả khi học trên hệ thống học trực tuyến. Nghiên cứu có ý nghĩa quan trọng đối với giảng viên, học viên, các nhà hoạch định chính sách và tổ chức giáo dục nhằm không ngừng nâng cao chất lượng đào tạo từ xa trong bối cảnh học tập trực tuyến ngày càng phát triển.
Từ khóa
giáo dục từ xa, hệ thống quản lý học tập, phản ánh
Chi tiết bài viết
Tài liệu tham khảo
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Ahmadpour, N., Shariati, A., & Moghadam, M. P. (2025). Effect of narrative writing based on Gibbs’ reflective model on the empathy and communication skills of nursing students. BMC Medical Education, 25(10). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12909-024-06593-7
Åkerfeldt, A., Bergdahl, N., & Hrastinski, S. (2023). Adult learners’ perceptions of distance education. Journal of Adult and Continuing Education, 30(1).
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/373927399_Adult_learners'_perceptions_of_distance_education
Begicheva, O., Kolosova, O., Zavelskaya, I., & Karpova, E. (2023). Advantages and disadvantages of distance learning. In Proceedings of the Computer Science and Information Technologies 2023 Conference, Yerevan, Armenia. https://csit.am/2023/proceedings/Workshop/W_1.pdf
Chen, E., Kaczmarek, K., & Ohyama, H. (2020). Student perceptions of distance learning strategies during COVID-19. Journal of Dental Education, 85(Suppl 1), 1190–1191. https://doi.org/10.1002/jdd.12339
Dang, H. D. (2021). A model of online higher education in Vietnam: The case study of Hanoi Open University. Vietnam Journal of Education Science (Special Issue), 131–135. http://vjes.vnies.edu.vn/sites/default/files/noidung_sdb_01_2021-131-135.pdf
Dao, T. T. H., & Duong, H. N. (2021). An analysis of causes of inefficiency in distance education at public universities in Vietnam. In Proceedings of the 2021 5th International Conference on E-Society, E-Education and E-Technology, 148-156. https://doi.org/10.1145/3485768.3485812
da Silva, L.D, de Souza, D. P., de Oliveira Rodrigues, C. K., Dos Santos Lima, E. G, de Matos, J. G., Tessaro, E. C., & Malange, F. C. V. (2022). The advantages and challenges of distance learning. International Journal of Advanced Engineering Research and Science, 9(9). https://doi.org/10.22161/ijaers.99.54
Draeger, J., & Winckelmann, B. (2020). How metacognitive instructors can use their learning management system to facilitate student learning. Journal of Teaching and Learning with Technology, 9(1), 92-100. https://doi.org/10.14434/jotlt.v9i1.29159
Faltynkova, L., Simonova, I., Kostolanyova, K., & Klimszova, S. (2021). Re-thinking and re-defining the learning process? Students’ feedback on online distance instruction. In R. Li, S. K. S. Cheung, C. Iwasaki, LF. Kwok, M. Kageto (Eds), Blended Learning: Re-thinking and Re-defining the Learning Process (ICBL 2021) (pp. 78-91). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-80504-3_7
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Fidalgo, P., Thormann, J., Kulyk, O., & Lencastre, J. A. (2020). Students’ perceptions on distance education: A multinational study. International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education, 17(1), 18. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41239-020-00194-2
Hadji-Nikolova, A., Daskalovska, N., & Jankova-Alagjozovska, N. (2022). Distance learning – Development, types and tools. PALIMPSEST/ПАЛИМПСЕСТ, 22, 283-296. https://doi.org/10.46763/palim22713283hn
Hashim, S. N. A., Yaacob, A., Suryani, I., Mohd Asraf, R., Bahador, Z., & Supian, N. (2023). Exploring the Use of Gibbs’ Reflective Model in Enhancing In-Service ESL Teachers’ Reflective Writing. Arab World English Journal, 14(2) 236 -253. https://dx.doi.org/10.24093/awej/vol14no2.17
Keane, T., Linden, T., Hernandez-Martinez, P., & Molnar, A. (2022). University students’ experiences and reflections of technology in their transition to online learning during the global pandemic. Education Sciences, 12(7), 453. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci12070453
Koi-Akrofi, G. Y., Owusu-Oware, E., & Tanye, H. (2020). Challenges of distance, blended, and online learning: A literature-based approach. International Journal on Integrating Technology in Education, 9(4), 27-39. https://doi.org/10.5121/ijite.2020.9403
Kravchyna, T. (2021). Distance learning in teaching English: Advantages and disadvantages. Open Educational E-Environment of Modern University, 11, 71–79. https://doi.org/10.28925/2414-0325.2021.116
Kusmaryono, I., Jupriyanto, J., & Kusumaningsih, W. (2021). A systematic literature review on the effectiveness of distance learning: Problems, opportunities, challenges, and predictions. International Journal of Education, 14(1). https://doi.org/10.17509/ije.v14i1.29191
Le, H. K., Sriratanaviriyakul, N. C., Nkhoma, M., & Vo, H. X. (2014). Ho Chi Minh City Open University: IT Governance in Vietnamese Higher Education. Journal of Information Technology Education: Discussion Cases, 3, 3. https://doi.org/10.28945/2055
Lee, I. A., Ali, S., Zhang, H., DiPaola, D., & Breazeal, C. (2021). Developing Middle School Students' AI Literacy. In Proceedings of the 52nd ACM Technical Symposium on Computer Science Education (pp. 191-197). http://doi.org/10.1145/3408877.3432513
Mahasneh, O. M., Al-kreimeen, R. A., Alrammana, A. A., & Murad, O. S. (2021). Distance education amid the COVID-19 pandemic from the students' point of view. World Journal on Educational Technology: Current Issues, 13(4), 589-601. https://doi.org/10.18844/wjet.v13i4.6229
Masrek, M. N., & Baharuddin, M. F. (2023). Screens, streams, and stress: A qualitative study on how distance learning students cope with information overload. International Journal of Membrane Science and Technology, 10(5), 47-58. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/374538948_Screens_Streams_and_Stress_A_Qualitative_Study_on_How_Distance_Learning_Students_Cope_with_Information_Overload
Nguyen, L. T. (2023). An evaluation of the effectiveness of the online learning system at University of Information and Communication Technology, Thai Nguyen University. Vietnam Journal of Education Science, 19(1), 66–71. http://vjes.vnies.edu.vn/sites/default/files/khdgvn_-_tap_19_-_so_01_-_no_11_-66-71.pdf
Nurlatifah, L., Purnawarman, P., & Sukyadi, D. (2023). The implementation of reflective assessment using Gibbs’ reflective cycle in assessing students’ writing skill. AIP Conference Proceedings, 2621(1), 070006. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0143375
Osei, C. K. (2010). Perceptions of students towards use of distance learning: The case in an executive masters business program in Ghana. Online Journal of Distance Learning Administration, 13(2). https://ojdla.com/archive/summer132/osei132.pdf
Palinkas, L., Horwitz, S., Green, Carla A., Wisdom, J., Duan, N., & Hoagwood, K. (2015). Purposeful Sampling for Qualitative Data Collection and Analysis in Mixed Method Implementation Research. Administration and Policy in Mental Health and Mental Health Services Research, 42, 533-544. http://doi.org/10.1007/s10488-013-0528-y
Rahman, A., & Muktadir, M. (2021). SPSS: An imperative quantitative data analysis tool for social science research. International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science, 5(10), 300-302. https://doi.org/10.47772/ijriss.2021.51012
Rodgers, C. (2002). Defining reflection: Another look at John Dewey and reflective thinking. Teachers College Record, 104(4), 842–866. https://www.canr.msu.edu/bsp/uploads/files/reading_resources/defining_reflection.pdf
Rodriguez-Ayala, A. E., & Ayala-Tigmasi, R. A. (2023). The role of distance education in higher education: A literature review. Horizon Nexus Journal, 1(3). https://doi.org/10.70881/hnj/v1/n3/23
Romero, M. (2011). Distance learners’ work life learning balance. International Journal of Instructional Technology and Distance Learning, 8(5), 43-48.
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/237012137_Distance_learners'_Work_Life_Learning_Balance
Sahin, I., & Shelley, M. (2008). Considering students' perceptions: The distance education student satisfaction model. Journal of Educational Technology & Society, 11(3), 216–223. https://www.jstor.org/stable/jeductechsoci.11.3.216
Santana de Oliveira, M. M., Penedo, A. S. T., & Pereira, V. S. (2018). Distance education: Advantages and disadvantages of the point of view of education and society. Dialogia, 29, 139–152. https://doi.org/10.5585/dialogia.N29.7661
Sarwadi, Huda, S., Mujtahidin, & Rahman, B. (2025). The Impact of Learning Management Systems (LMS) on University Students’ Language Skills. Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris Undiksha (Undiksha Journal of English Language Education), 13(1), 116–123. https://doi.org/10.23887/jpbi.v13i1.93390
Sharma, A., Bharti, & Pandey, A. (2023). Unleashing the potential of technology-driven learning management systems for student-centric excellence to empower higher education. Engineering Proceedings, 59(1), 195. https://doi.org/10.3390/engproc2023059195
Shenderuk, O. B., & Bykonia, O. P. (2022). Distant learning: Principles and peculiarities. Scientific Herald of Sivershchyna. Series: Education. Social and Behavioural Sciences, 1(8), 197–207. https://doi.org/10.32755/sjeducation.2022.01.197
Simonova, I., Faltynkova, L., & Kostolanyova, K. (2021). Students’ reflection on online distance learning: Advantages, disadvantages, recommendations. In R. Li, S. K. S. Cheung, C. Iwasaki, LF. Kwok, M. Kageto (Eds), Blended Learning: Re-thinking and Re-defining the Learning Process (ICBL 2021) (pp. 275-286). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-80504-3_23
Subedi, K. R. (2021). Determining the sample in qualitative research. School Journal, 4(1). https://doi.org/10.3126/scholars.v4i1.42457
Tatlılıoğlu, K. (2023). An overview of distance education programs: Türkiye example. Distance Education in Ukraine: Innovative, Normative-Legal, Pedagogical Aspects, 1(3), 15–27. https://doi.org/10.18372/2786-5495.1.17760
Thille, P., Rotteau, L., & Webster, F. (2021). More than words: Methods to elicit talk in interviews. Family Practice, 38(4), 545–547. https://doi.org/10.1093/fampra/cmab043
Tran, Q. T. (2021). Online learning management system in higher education. Vietnam Journal of Educational Sciences, 66–72. http://vjes.vnies.edu.vn/sites/default/files/noidung_sdb_01_2021-66-72.pdf
Turan, Z., Kucuk, S., & Cilligol Karabey, S. (2022). The university students’ self-regulated effort, flexibility and satisfaction in distance education. International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education, 19(1), 35. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41239-022-00342-w
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Agormedah, Agormedah, E. K., Henaku, E. A., Ayite, D. M. K., & Ansah, E. A. (2020). Online learning in higher education during COVID-19 pandemic: A case of Ghana. Journal of Educational Technology & Online Learning, 3(3), 183-210. https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ1293681.pdf
Ahmadpour, N., Shariati, A., & Moghadam, M. P. (2025). Effect of narrative writing based on Gibbs’ reflective model on the empathy and communication skills of nursing students. BMC Medical Education, 25(10). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12909-024-06593-7
Åkerfeldt, A., Bergdahl, N., & Hrastinski, S. (2023). Adult learners’ perceptions of distance education. Journal of Adult and Continuing Education, 30(1).
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/373927399_Adult_learners'_perceptions_of_distance_education
Begicheva, O., Kolosova, O., Zavelskaya, I., & Karpova, E. (2023). Advantages and disadvantages of distance learning. In Proceedings of the Computer Science and Information Technologies 2023 Conference, Yerevan, Armenia. https://csit.am/2023/proceedings/Workshop/W_1.pdf
Chen, E., Kaczmarek, K., & Ohyama, H. (2020). Student perceptions of distance learning strategies during COVID-19. Journal of Dental Education, 85(Suppl 1), 1190–1191. https://doi.org/10.1002/jdd.12339
Dang, H. D. (2021). A model of online higher education in Vietnam: The case study of Hanoi Open University. Vietnam Journal of Education Science (Special Issue), 131–135. http://vjes.vnies.edu.vn/sites/default/files/noidung_sdb_01_2021-131-135.pdf
Dao, T. T. H., & Duong, H. N. (2021). An analysis of causes of inefficiency in distance education at public universities in Vietnam. In Proceedings of the 2021 5th International Conference on E-Society, E-Education and E-Technology, 148-156. https://doi.org/10.1145/3485768.3485812
da Silva, L.D, de Souza, D. P., de Oliveira Rodrigues, C. K., Dos Santos Lima, E. G, de Matos, J. G., Tessaro, E. C., & Malange, F. C. V. (2022). The advantages and challenges of distance learning. International Journal of Advanced Engineering Research and Science, 9(9). https://doi.org/10.22161/ijaers.99.54
Draeger, J., & Winckelmann, B. (2020). How metacognitive instructors can use their learning management system to facilitate student learning. Journal of Teaching and Learning with Technology, 9(1), 92-100. https://doi.org/10.14434/jotlt.v9i1.29159
Faltynkova, L., Simonova, I., Kostolanyova, K., & Klimszova, S. (2021). Re-thinking and re-defining the learning process? Students’ feedback on online distance instruction. In R. Li, S. K. S. Cheung, C. Iwasaki, LF. Kwok, M. Kageto (Eds), Blended Learning: Re-thinking and Re-defining the Learning Process (ICBL 2021) (pp. 78-91). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-80504-3_7
Ferry, N. M., & Ross‐Gordon, J. M. (1998). An inquiry into Schön's epistemology of practice: Exploring links between experience and reflective practice. Adult Education Quarterly, 48(2), 98–112. https://sci-hub.se/https://doi.org/10.1177/074171369804800205
Fidalgo, P., Thormann, J., Kulyk, O., & Lencastre, J. A. (2020). Students’ perceptions on distance education: A multinational study. International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education, 17(1), 18. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41239-020-00194-2
Hadji-Nikolova, A., Daskalovska, N., & Jankova-Alagjozovska, N. (2022). Distance learning – Development, types and tools. PALIMPSEST/ПАЛИМПСЕСТ, 22, 283-296. https://doi.org/10.46763/palim22713283hn
Hashim, S. N. A., Yaacob, A., Suryani, I., Mohd Asraf, R., Bahador, Z., & Supian, N. (2023). Exploring the Use of Gibbs’ Reflective Model in Enhancing In-Service ESL Teachers’ Reflective Writing. Arab World English Journal, 14(2) 236 -253. https://dx.doi.org/10.24093/awej/vol14no2.17
Keane, T., Linden, T., Hernandez-Martinez, P., & Molnar, A. (2022). University students’ experiences and reflections of technology in their transition to online learning during the global pandemic. Education Sciences, 12(7), 453. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci12070453
Koi-Akrofi, G. Y., Owusu-Oware, E., & Tanye, H. (2020). Challenges of distance, blended, and online learning: A literature-based approach. International Journal on Integrating Technology in Education, 9(4), 27-39. https://doi.org/10.5121/ijite.2020.9403
Kravchyna, T. (2021). Distance learning in teaching English: Advantages and disadvantages. Open Educational E-Environment of Modern University, 11, 71–79. https://doi.org/10.28925/2414-0325.2021.116
Kusmaryono, I., Jupriyanto, J., & Kusumaningsih, W. (2021). A systematic literature review on the effectiveness of distance learning: Problems, opportunities, challenges, and predictions. International Journal of Education, 14(1). https://doi.org/10.17509/ije.v14i1.29191
Le, H. K., Sriratanaviriyakul, N. C., Nkhoma, M., & Vo, H. X. (2014). Ho Chi Minh City Open University: IT Governance in Vietnamese Higher Education. Journal of Information Technology Education: Discussion Cases, 3, 3. https://doi.org/10.28945/2055
Lee, I. A., Ali, S., Zhang, H., DiPaola, D., & Breazeal, C. (2021). Developing Middle School Students' AI Literacy. In Proceedings of the 52nd ACM Technical Symposium on Computer Science Education (pp. 191-197). http://doi.org/10.1145/3408877.3432513
Mahasneh, O. M., Al-kreimeen, R. A., Alrammana, A. A., & Murad, O. S. (2021). Distance education amid the COVID-19 pandemic from the students' point of view. World Journal on Educational Technology: Current Issues, 13(4), 589-601. https://doi.org/10.18844/wjet.v13i4.6229
Masrek, M. N., & Baharuddin, M. F. (2023). Screens, streams, and stress: A qualitative study on how distance learning students cope with information overload. International Journal of Membrane Science and Technology, 10(5), 47-58. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/374538948_Screens_Streams_and_Stress_A_Qualitative_Study_on_How_Distance_Learning_Students_Cope_with_Information_Overload
Nguyen, L. T. (2023). An evaluation of the effectiveness of the online learning system at University of Information and Communication Technology, Thai Nguyen University. Vietnam Journal of Education Science, 19(1), 66–71. http://vjes.vnies.edu.vn/sites/default/files/khdgvn_-_tap_19_-_so_01_-_no_11_-66-71.pdf
Nurlatifah, L., Purnawarman, P., & Sukyadi, D. (2023). The implementation of reflective assessment using Gibbs’ reflective cycle in assessing students’ writing skill. AIP Conference Proceedings, 2621(1), 070006. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0143375
Osei, C. K. (2010). Perceptions of students towards use of distance learning: The case in an executive masters business program in Ghana. Online Journal of Distance Learning Administration, 13(2). https://ojdla.com/archive/summer132/osei132.pdf
Palinkas, L., Horwitz, S., Green, Carla A., Wisdom, J., Duan, N., & Hoagwood, K. (2015). Purposeful Sampling for Qualitative Data Collection and Analysis in Mixed Method Implementation Research. Administration and Policy in Mental Health and Mental Health Services Research, 42, 533-544. http://doi.org/10.1007/s10488-013-0528-y
Rahman, A., & Muktadir, M. (2021). SPSS: An imperative quantitative data analysis tool for social science research. International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science, 5(10), 300-302. https://doi.org/10.47772/ijriss.2021.51012
Rodgers, C. (2002). Defining reflection: Another look at John Dewey and reflective thinking. Teachers College Record, 104(4), 842–866. https://www.canr.msu.edu/bsp/uploads/files/reading_resources/defining_reflection.pdf
Rodriguez-Ayala, A. E., & Ayala-Tigmasi, R. A. (2023). The role of distance education in higher education: A literature review. Horizon Nexus Journal, 1(3). https://doi.org/10.70881/hnj/v1/n3/23
Romero, M. (2011). Distance learners’ work life learning balance. International Journal of Instructional Technology and Distance Learning, 8(5), 43-48.
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/237012137_Distance_learners'_Work_Life_Learning_Balance
Sahin, I., & Shelley, M. (2008). Considering students' perceptions: The distance education student satisfaction model. Journal of Educational Technology & Society, 11(3), 216–223. https://www.jstor.org/stable/jeductechsoci.11.3.216
Santana de Oliveira, M. M., Penedo, A. S. T., & Pereira, V. S. (2018). Distance education: Advantages and disadvantages of the point of view of education and society. Dialogia, 29, 139–152. https://doi.org/10.5585/dialogia.N29.7661
Sarwadi, Huda, S., Mujtahidin, & Rahman, B. (2025). The Impact of Learning Management Systems (LMS) on University Students’ Language Skills. Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris Undiksha (Undiksha Journal of English Language Education), 13(1), 116–123. https://doi.org/10.23887/jpbi.v13i1.93390
Sharma, A., Bharti, & Pandey, A. (2023). Unleashing the potential of technology-driven learning management systems for student-centric excellence to empower higher education. Engineering Proceedings, 59(1), 195. https://doi.org/10.3390/engproc2023059195
Shenderuk, O. B., & Bykonia, O. P. (2022). Distant learning: Principles and peculiarities. Scientific Herald of Sivershchyna. Series: Education. Social and Behavioural Sciences, 1(8), 197–207. https://doi.org/10.32755/sjeducation.2022.01.197
Simonova, I., Faltynkova, L., & Kostolanyova, K. (2021). Students’ reflection on online distance learning: Advantages, disadvantages, recommendations. In R. Li, S. K. S. Cheung, C. Iwasaki, LF. Kwok, M. Kageto (Eds), Blended Learning: Re-thinking and Re-defining the Learning Process (ICBL 2021) (pp. 275-286). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-80504-3_23
Subedi, K. R. (2021). Determining the sample in qualitative research. School Journal, 4(1). https://doi.org/10.3126/scholars.v4i1.42457
Tatlılıoğlu, K. (2023). An overview of distance education programs: Türkiye example. Distance Education in Ukraine: Innovative, Normative-Legal, Pedagogical Aspects, 1(3), 15–27. https://doi.org/10.18372/2786-5495.1.17760
Thille, P., Rotteau, L., & Webster, F. (2021). More than words: Methods to elicit talk in interviews. Family Practice, 38(4), 545–547. https://doi.org/10.1093/fampra/cmab043
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