Ngôn ngữ đánh giá trong phần kết luận của bài tạp chí ngôn ngữ tiếng Việt
Nội dung chính của bài viết
Tóm tắt
Ngôn ngữ đánh giá hiện đang thu hút được nhiều sự quan tâm bởi, theo Hunston, “đánh giá là một trong những chức năng cơ bản và quan trọng nhất đáng được nghiên cứu chuyên sâu” (2011, tr. 11). Tuy nhiên, thuật ngữ này dường như còn khá mới mẻ ở Việt Nam. Để tìm hiểu về cách sử dụng ngôn ngữ đánh giá trong tiếng Việt, bài viết này hướng tới việc khám phá cách các nhà Việt ngữ học sử dụng ngôn ngữ đánh giá trong phần kết luận của bài báo nghiên cứu chuyên ngành ngôn ngữ. Nghiên cứu kết hợp cả hai phương pháp định tính và định lượng trong việc phân tích các nguồn lực đánh giá được sử dụng một cách hiển ngôn trong khối liệu gồm 30 phần kết luận của các bài báo đăng trên 03 tạp chí chuyên ngành ngôn ngữ uy tín ở Việt Nam. Cụ thể, nghiên cứu khám phá các nguồn lực đánh giá dựa trên bộ khung lý thuyết về đánh giá của Martin và White (2005), gồm 3 hệ thống chính: thái độ, thỏa hiệp và thang độ. Kết quả nghiên cứu hy vọng chỉ ra những nét đặc trưng về ngôn ngữ đánh giá của bài báo nghiên cứu ngôn ngữ học, từ đó góp phần làm phong phú thêm nguồn ngữ liệu về ngôn ngữ đánh giá và là một nguồn tham khảo hữu ích cho các tác giả khi viết báo cáo nghiên cứu ở Việt Nam.
Chi tiết bài viết
Từ khóa
ngôn ngữ đánh giá, kết luận, thái độ, thỏa hiệp, thang độ
Tài liệu tham khảo
Amornrattanasirichok, S., & Jaroongkhongdach, W. (2017). Engagement in literature reviews of Thai and international research articles in applied linguistics. In School of Liberal Arts. (Eds.), Proceedings: Doing research in applied linguistics 3 and 19th English in South-East Asia conference 2017 (pp. 312-327). King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi.
Bang, M.-H., & Shin. S-I. (2012). A corpus-based study of green discourse in the South Korean press in comparison with the US press. Sociolinguistics, 20(1), 79-110.
Bang, M.-H., & Shin. S-I. (2013). Comparing evaluative language in the corpora of South Korean government and NGO documents on environmental issues. Language Research, 49(3), 725-757.
Benson, F., Chik, A., Gao, X., Huang, J., & Wang, W. (2009). Qualitative research in language teaching and learning journals, 1997-2006. The Modern Language Journal, 93, 79-90.
Chen, H. (2010). Contrastive learner corpus analysis of epistemic modality and interlanguage pragmatic competence in L2 writing. Journal of Second Language Acquisition and Teaching, 17, 27-51. https://journals.librarypublishing.arizona.edu/jslat/article/id/245/
Coffin, C. (2006). Historical discourse: The language of time, cause and evaluation. Continuum.
Dontcheva-Navratilova, O. (2009). Analyzing genre: The colony text of UNESCO resolutions. Masaryk University.
Đỗ, X. H., & Nguyễn, V. N. (2013). Tựa đề bài báo nghiên cứu ngành ngôn ngữ: Độ dài và kết cấu phổ biến [Titles of linguistic research articles: Popular length and structure]. Journal of Science, Can Tho University, (26), 13-21.
Fryer, D. L. (2013). Exploring the dialogism of academic discourse: Heteroglossic engagement in medical research articles. In G. Andersen & K. Bech (Eds.), English corpus linguistics: Variation in time, space and genre: Selected papers from ICAME 32 (pp. 183-207). Rodopi.
Gabrielatos, C., & McEnery, T. (2005). Epistemic modality in MA dissertations. In F. Olivera & P. Antonio (Eds.), Lengua y sociedad: Investigaciones recientes en lingüística aplicada (pp. 311-331). Universidad de Valladolid.
Gao, Y., Li, L., & Lu, J., (2001). Trends in research methods in applied linguistics: China and the West. English for Specific Purposes, 20, 1-14.
Geng, Y., & Wharton, S. (2016). Evaluative language in discussion sections of doctoral theses: Similarities and differences between L1 Chinese and L1 English writers. Journal of English for Academic Purposes, 22, 80-91.
Giles, D., & Busseniers, P. (2012). Student writers’ use of evaluative language in undergraduate ELT research reports in two Mexican BA programmes. Mextesol Journal, 36(2), 1-8.
Halliday, M. A. K. (1994). An introduction to functional grammar (2nd ed.). Edward Arnold.
Hu, G., & Choo, L. (2015). The impact of disciplinary background and teaching experience on the use of evaluative language in teacher feedback. Teachers and Teaching: Theory and Practice, 22(3), 329-349.
Hunston, S. (1989). Evaluation in experimental research articles [PhD thesis, University of Birmingham]. https://etheses.bham.ac.uk/id/eprint/912/
Hunston, S. (1994). Evaluation and organization in a sample of written academic discourse. In M. Coulthard (Ed.), Advances in written text analysis (pp. 191-218). Routledge.
Hunston, S. (2011). Corpus approaches to evaluation: Phraseology and evaluative language. Routledge.
Hunston, S., & Sinclair, J. (2000). A local grammar of evaluation. In S. Hunston & G. Thompson (Eds.), Evaluation in text: Authorial stance and the construction of discourse (pp. 75-100). Oxford University Press.
Hyland, K., & Tse, P. (2004). Metadiscourse in academic writing: A reappraisal. Applied linguistics, 25, 156-176.
Jalilifar, A., & Savaedi, Y. (2012). They want to eradicate the nation: A cross-linguistic study of the attitudinal language of presidential campaign speeches in the USA and Iran. Iranian Journal of Applied Language Studies, 4(2), 59-96. http://www.sid.ir/en/VEWSSID/J_pdf/125320120203.pdf
Khamkhien, T. (2014). Linguistic features of evaluative stance: Findings from research article discussions. Indonesian Journal of Applied Linguistics, 4(1), 54-69.
Kochetova, L. A., & Volodchenkova, O. I. (2015). Evaluative language in English job advertisements in diachronic perspective. Review of European studies, 7(11), 292-302.
Kong, K. C. C. (2006). Linguistic resources as evaluators in English and Chinese research articles. Multilingua – Journal of Cross-Cultural and Interlanguage Communication, 25(1-2), 183-216.
Lancaster, Z. (2011). Interpersonal stance in L1 and L2 students’ argumentative writing in Economics: Implications for faculty development in WAC/WID programs. Across the Disciplines, 8(4), 51-76. https://doi.org/10.37514/ATD-J.2011.8.4.22
Liu, X. (2010). An application of appraisal theory to teaching college English reading in China. Journal of Language Teaching And Research, 1(2), 133-135.
Marcinkowski, M. (2009). Persuasive features in academic writing. Topics in Linguistics, (4), 68-72.
Martin, J. R., & White, P. R. (2005). The language of evaluation: Appraisal in English. Palgrave/ Macmillan.
Mazlum, F., & Afshin, S. (2016). Evaluative language in political speeches: A case study of Iranian and American presidents’ speeches. International Journal of Linguistics, 8(4), 166-183. https://doi.org/10.5296/ijl.v8i4.9398
McEnery, T., & Kifle, N. A. (2002). Epistemic modality in argumentative essays of second-language writers. In J. Flowerdew (Ed.), Academic discourse (pp. 182-195). Pearson Education Limited.
Myskow, G. (2017). Surveying the historical landscape: The evaluative choice of history textbooks. Functional Linguistics, 4(7), 1-15.
Myskow, G. (2018). Changes in attitude: Evaluative language in secondary school and university history textbooks. Journal of Linguistics and Education, 43, 53-63.
Ngo, T. B. T. (2013). The deployment of the language of evaluation in English and Vietnamese spoken discourse [PhD thesis, University of New England]. https://hdl.handle.net/1959.11/16973
Nguyễn, T. H. T. (2018). Đối chiếu phương tiện rào đón trong văn bản khoa học tiếng Việt và tiếng Anh [A contrastive analysis of hedges in Vietnamese and English scientific writing] [Doctoral dissertation, Graduate academy of Social sciences].
Swales, J. (1990). Genre analysis: English in academic and research settings. Cambridge University Press.
Taboada, M., & Carretero, M. (2010, September 30-October 2). Labelling evaluative language in English and Spanish: The case of attitude in consumer reviews [Conference presentation]. The 6th international contrastive linguistics conference, Berlin.
Tucker, P. (2003). Evaluation in the art-historical research article. Journal of English for Academic Purposes, 2(4), 291-312.
White, P. R. R. (2002). Appraisal - the language of evaluation and stance. In J. Verschueren, J. Östman, J. Blommaert & C. Bulcaen (Eds.), The handbook of pragmatics (pp. 1-27). John Benjamins.
Wu, S. M. (2005). Investigating evaluative language in undergraduate argumentative essays [PhD Thesis, National University of Singapore]. ScholarBank@NUS Repository.
Bang, M.-H., & Shin. S-I. (2012). A corpus-based study of green discourse in the South Korean press in comparison with the US press. Sociolinguistics, 20(1), 79-110.
Bang, M.-H., & Shin. S-I. (2013). Comparing evaluative language in the corpora of South Korean government and NGO documents on environmental issues. Language Research, 49(3), 725-757.
Benson, F., Chik, A., Gao, X., Huang, J., & Wang, W. (2009). Qualitative research in language teaching and learning journals, 1997-2006. The Modern Language Journal, 93, 79-90.
Chen, H. (2010). Contrastive learner corpus analysis of epistemic modality and interlanguage pragmatic competence in L2 writing. Journal of Second Language Acquisition and Teaching, 17, 27-51. https://journals.librarypublishing.arizona.edu/jslat/article/id/245/
Coffin, C. (2006). Historical discourse: The language of time, cause and evaluation. Continuum.
Dontcheva-Navratilova, O. (2009). Analyzing genre: The colony text of UNESCO resolutions. Masaryk University.
Đỗ, X. H., & Nguyễn, V. N. (2013). Tựa đề bài báo nghiên cứu ngành ngôn ngữ: Độ dài và kết cấu phổ biến [Titles of linguistic research articles: Popular length and structure]. Journal of Science, Can Tho University, (26), 13-21.
Fryer, D. L. (2013). Exploring the dialogism of academic discourse: Heteroglossic engagement in medical research articles. In G. Andersen & K. Bech (Eds.), English corpus linguistics: Variation in time, space and genre: Selected papers from ICAME 32 (pp. 183-207). Rodopi.
Gabrielatos, C., & McEnery, T. (2005). Epistemic modality in MA dissertations. In F. Olivera & P. Antonio (Eds.), Lengua y sociedad: Investigaciones recientes en lingüística aplicada (pp. 311-331). Universidad de Valladolid.
Gao, Y., Li, L., & Lu, J., (2001). Trends in research methods in applied linguistics: China and the West. English for Specific Purposes, 20, 1-14.
Geng, Y., & Wharton, S. (2016). Evaluative language in discussion sections of doctoral theses: Similarities and differences between L1 Chinese and L1 English writers. Journal of English for Academic Purposes, 22, 80-91.
Giles, D., & Busseniers, P. (2012). Student writers’ use of evaluative language in undergraduate ELT research reports in two Mexican BA programmes. Mextesol Journal, 36(2), 1-8.
Halliday, M. A. K. (1994). An introduction to functional grammar (2nd ed.). Edward Arnold.
Hu, G., & Choo, L. (2015). The impact of disciplinary background and teaching experience on the use of evaluative language in teacher feedback. Teachers and Teaching: Theory and Practice, 22(3), 329-349.
Hunston, S. (1989). Evaluation in experimental research articles [PhD thesis, University of Birmingham]. https://etheses.bham.ac.uk/id/eprint/912/
Hunston, S. (1994). Evaluation and organization in a sample of written academic discourse. In M. Coulthard (Ed.), Advances in written text analysis (pp. 191-218). Routledge.
Hunston, S. (2011). Corpus approaches to evaluation: Phraseology and evaluative language. Routledge.
Hunston, S., & Sinclair, J. (2000). A local grammar of evaluation. In S. Hunston & G. Thompson (Eds.), Evaluation in text: Authorial stance and the construction of discourse (pp. 75-100). Oxford University Press.
Hyland, K., & Tse, P. (2004). Metadiscourse in academic writing: A reappraisal. Applied linguistics, 25, 156-176.
Jalilifar, A., & Savaedi, Y. (2012). They want to eradicate the nation: A cross-linguistic study of the attitudinal language of presidential campaign speeches in the USA and Iran. Iranian Journal of Applied Language Studies, 4(2), 59-96. http://www.sid.ir/en/VEWSSID/J_pdf/125320120203.pdf
Khamkhien, T. (2014). Linguistic features of evaluative stance: Findings from research article discussions. Indonesian Journal of Applied Linguistics, 4(1), 54-69.
Kochetova, L. A., & Volodchenkova, O. I. (2015). Evaluative language in English job advertisements in diachronic perspective. Review of European studies, 7(11), 292-302.
Kong, K. C. C. (2006). Linguistic resources as evaluators in English and Chinese research articles. Multilingua – Journal of Cross-Cultural and Interlanguage Communication, 25(1-2), 183-216.
Lancaster, Z. (2011). Interpersonal stance in L1 and L2 students’ argumentative writing in Economics: Implications for faculty development in WAC/WID programs. Across the Disciplines, 8(4), 51-76. https://doi.org/10.37514/ATD-J.2011.8.4.22
Liu, X. (2010). An application of appraisal theory to teaching college English reading in China. Journal of Language Teaching And Research, 1(2), 133-135.
Marcinkowski, M. (2009). Persuasive features in academic writing. Topics in Linguistics, (4), 68-72.
Martin, J. R., & White, P. R. (2005). The language of evaluation: Appraisal in English. Palgrave/ Macmillan.
Mazlum, F., & Afshin, S. (2016). Evaluative language in political speeches: A case study of Iranian and American presidents’ speeches. International Journal of Linguistics, 8(4), 166-183. https://doi.org/10.5296/ijl.v8i4.9398
McEnery, T., & Kifle, N. A. (2002). Epistemic modality in argumentative essays of second-language writers. In J. Flowerdew (Ed.), Academic discourse (pp. 182-195). Pearson Education Limited.
Myskow, G. (2017). Surveying the historical landscape: The evaluative choice of history textbooks. Functional Linguistics, 4(7), 1-15.
Myskow, G. (2018). Changes in attitude: Evaluative language in secondary school and university history textbooks. Journal of Linguistics and Education, 43, 53-63.
Ngo, T. B. T. (2013). The deployment of the language of evaluation in English and Vietnamese spoken discourse [PhD thesis, University of New England]. https://hdl.handle.net/1959.11/16973
Nguyễn, T. H. T. (2018). Đối chiếu phương tiện rào đón trong văn bản khoa học tiếng Việt và tiếng Anh [A contrastive analysis of hedges in Vietnamese and English scientific writing] [Doctoral dissertation, Graduate academy of Social sciences].
Swales, J. (1990). Genre analysis: English in academic and research settings. Cambridge University Press.
Taboada, M., & Carretero, M. (2010, September 30-October 2). Labelling evaluative language in English and Spanish: The case of attitude in consumer reviews [Conference presentation]. The 6th international contrastive linguistics conference, Berlin.
Tucker, P. (2003). Evaluation in the art-historical research article. Journal of English for Academic Purposes, 2(4), 291-312.
White, P. R. R. (2002). Appraisal - the language of evaluation and stance. In J. Verschueren, J. Östman, J. Blommaert & C. Bulcaen (Eds.), The handbook of pragmatics (pp. 1-27). John Benjamins.
Wu, S. M. (2005). Investigating evaluative language in undergraduate argumentative essays [PhD Thesis, National University of Singapore]. ScholarBank@NUS Repository.